MBOSE HSSLC Syllabus 2025: Subject-wise Syllabus for 12th students and more

Unit Name

Marks

Reproduction in Organisms

14

Genetics and Evolution

18

Biology and Human Welfare

14

Biotechnology and its applications

10

Ecology and Environment

14

Section Name

Marks

Reading Skills

20

Advanced Writing Skills

30

Textbook 
Supplementary Reader

35 
15

Section Name

Marks

Archaeology & Ancient India

29

Medieval India

29

Modern India

36

Map Work

6

Units

Important Topics

Electrostatics

Electric Charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-force between two-point charges, forces between multiple charges, the electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field, etc.

Current Electricity

Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and nonlinear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, Kirchhoff’s laws, and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge, etc.

Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism

Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, Force on a moving charge in a uniform magnetic and electric field, Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements, etc.

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s Law, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance, etc

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature, Electromagnetic spectrum, including elementary facts about their uses, etc.

Optics

Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, lens maker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, a combination of thin lenses in contact, etc. 

Dual Nature of Matter

Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light, Davisson-Germer experiment, etc

Atoms and Nuclei

Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum, Composition and size of nucleus, Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; atomic masses, isotopes, radioactive decay law, etc. 

Electronic Devices

transistor as a switch, I-V characteristics of the transistor, transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration), the basic idea of analogue and digital signals, etc. 

Communication Systems

Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, amplitude modulation. 
Production and detection of an amplitude-modulated wave, etc.

Units

Part

Important Topics

Unit-1: Sets and Functions

Sets

Sets and their representations, Empty set, Finite and Infinite sets, Equal sets, Subsets, Subsets of a set of real numbers especially intervals (with notations). Universal set. Venn diagrams. Union and Intersection of sets. Difference of sets. Complement of a set. Properties of Complement.

Relations & Functions

Ordered pairs. Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements in the Cartesian product of two finite sets. Cartesian product of the set of reals with itself (up to R x R x R). Definition of relation, pictorial diagrams, domain, co-domain and range of a relation. Function as a special type of relation. Pictorial representation of a function, domain, co-domain and range of a function. Real valued functions, domain and range of these functions, constant, identity, polynomial, rational, modulus, signum, exponential, logarithmic and greatest integer functions, with their graphs. Sum, difference, product and quotients of functions.

Trigonometric Functions

Positive and negative angles. Measuring angles in radians and in degrees and conversion from one measure to another. Definition of trigonometric functions with the help of unit circle. Truth of the identity sin2x + cos2x = 1, for all x. Signs of trigonometric functions. Domain and range of trigonometric functions and their graphs. Expressing sin (x±y) and cos (x±y) in terms of sinx, siny, cosx & cosy and their simple applications.

Unit-2: Algebra

Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

Need for complex numbers, especially√−1, to be motivated by inability to solve some of the  
quadratic equations. Algebraic properties of complex numbers. Argand plane.

Linear Inequalities

Linear inequalities. Algebraic solutions of linear inequalities in one variable and their representation on the number line.

Permutations and Combinations

Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n. (n!) Permutations and combinations, derivation of Formulae for nPr and nCr and their connections, simple applications.

Binomial Theorem

Historical perspective, statement and proof of the binomial theorem for positive integral indices. Pascal’s triangle, simple applications etc.

Sequence and Series

Sequence and Series. Arithmetic Mean (A.M.) Geometric Progression (G.P.), general term of a G.P., sum of n terms of a G.P., infinite G.P. and its sum, geometric mean (G.M.), relation between A.M. and G.M.

Unit-3: Coordinate Geometry

Straight Lines

Brief recall of two-dimensional geometry from earlier classes. Slope of a line and angle between two lines. Various forms of equations of a line: parallel to axis, point -slope form, slope-intercept form, two-point form, intercept form, Distance of a point from a line.

Conic Sections

Sections of a cone: circles, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, a point, a straight line and a pair of intersecting lines as a degenerated case of a conic section. Standard equations and simple properties of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Standard equation of a circle.

Introduction to Three-dimensional Geometry

Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions. Coordinates of a point. Distance between two points.

Unit-4: Calculus

Calculus

Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically. Intuitive idea of limit. Limits of polynomials and rational functions trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Definition of derivative relate it to scope of tangent of the curve, derivative of sum, difference, product and quotient of functions. Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions.

Unit-5: Statistics and Probability

Statistics

Measures of Dispersion: Range, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of ungrouped/grouped data.

Probability

Events: occurrence of events, ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events, exhaustive events, mutually exclusive events, Axiomatic (set theoretic) probability, connections with other theories of earlier classes. Probability of an event, probability of ‘not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ events.

Units

Important Topics

Solid State

Electrical and magnetic properties, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, etc.

Solutions

Osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, Elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, abnormal molecular mass, etc.

Electrochemistry

Kohlrausch’s Law, lead accumulator, Conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific, variations of conductivity with concentration, etc.

Chemical Kinetics

Integrated rate equations and half-life, the concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), etc.

Surface Chemistry

Brownian movement, electrophoresis, Lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, coagulation, emulsion-types of emulsions, etc.

General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

Occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron, Principles and methods of extraction – concentration, oxidation, reduction – electrolytic method and refining; etc

p-block Elements

Halides PCl3, Ozone, Sulphur-allotropic forms; Phosphorus – allotropic forms, Preparation properties and uses of sulphur-dioxide, etc.

d and f-block elements

Magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, Metallic character, ionization enthalpy, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, etc.

Coordination Compounds

IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Introduction, ligands, coordination number, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, etc.

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, substitution reactions, etc.

Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Mechanism of dehydration, physical and chemical properties, uses, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol, etc.

Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical, uses, methods of preparation, etc.

Amines (Organic Compounds and containing Nitrogen)

Classification, structure, methods of preparation, secondary and tertiary amines, etc.

Biomolecules

Monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen) importance, etc.

Polymers

Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers, etc, Some important polymers: natural and Bakelite, rubber, etc.

Chemistry in Everyday Life

Tranquillizers antiseptics, disinfectants, antacids, antihistamines, artificial sweetening agents, etc

Subject Name

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Horticulture

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Informatics Practices

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Music

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Physical Education (Old syllabus)

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Psychology (Old syllabus)

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Sociology (Old syllabus)

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Travel & Tourism

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