CBSE 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Check Updated Exam Pattern & Marking Scheme

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has revised its exam pattern. The class 12th Board exams are scheduled to be conducted from February to April 2025. The weightage of questions, such as multiple-choice questions (MCQ), has increased from 40% to 50% by the new exam pattern. However, the weightage of long and short-answer questions has been dropped to 30%. Moreover, questions in the MCQ format have a weightage of 20%.

CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Highlights

As per the new exam pattern, the students who will be appearing for their class 12th Board exams can have a total of 5 or 6 subjects. The exams will have objective, very short, short and long-type questions. The highlights of the CBSE class 12th Board exams are provided in the table below:

Particulars	Details
Conducting Body	Central Board of Secondary Education
Question Paper Pattern	Competency-based questions in the form of MCQs, case-based questions, source-based questions, or any other types - 40-50% Select response type or MCQs – 20% Short answer/long answer type questions- 30-40%
Duration	3 Hours
Medium	English / Hindi
Mode	Offline
Number of subjects	5 or 6 (as elected by the student)
Maximum Marks	100 (theory + practical) 80 marks theory + 20 marks Project works for Commerce subjects (Accountancy, Business Studies & Economics) 70 marks theory + 30 marks practical for Physics, Chemistry & Biology 80 marks Maths written exam + 20 marks internal assessment
Passing marks for each subject	33%
Passing marks for the overall exam	Aggregate 33%

CBSE Class 12th Subject-Wise Marking Scheme And Exam Pattern 2025

The table provided below contains the marking scheme and the exam pattern of all the subjects that the students opt for in their class 12th Board exams.

Subject	Marks in Theory	Marks in Practical
Physics	70	30
Chemistry	70	30
Biology	70	30
Computer Science	70	30
Mathematics	80	20
English	80	20
Sociology	80	20
Political Science	80	20
History	80	20
Geography	80	20
Economics	80	20
Business Studies	80	20
Accountancy	80	20

CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Marks Distribution

As per the new exam pattern, the different types of questions that will be present in the question paper are Paragraph Based Questions, Case Studies, Image Based Questions, Image Based Questions, Assertion-Reason, Statement Based Questions, MCQ-based Questions, Short and Long-Answer Questions. The table presented below contains the types of questions, difficulty level and the marks distribution of the 80-mark theory paper.

Question Type	Assigned Marks	Difficulty Level
Paragraph Based Question Case Study Image Based Question Assertion-Reason Statement Based Question	40 Marks 2 MCQ Questions Mandatory	Easy to Moderate
MCQ-Based Direct Questions	16 Marks	Easy
Short and LongAnswer Questions	24 Marks Questions	Easy to Moderate

CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Subject-Wise

The tables provided below consist of the subject-wise exam pattern. Students can check these tables to have a general idea of exam patterns and marks distribution of each subject.

CBSE Class 12th Maths Exam Pattern 2025

The theory portion of the CBSE Class 12 Math exam has a weightage of a total of 80 points, and the internal assessment is of 30 marks. The table presented below tells about the exam pattern of Maths subject.

Topic	Marks
Relations & Functions	08
Calculus	35
Algebra	10
Vectors & 3-Dimensional Geometry	14
Linear Programming	05
Probability	08

CBSE Class 12th Science Exam Pattern 2025

The table presented below tells about the exam pattern of the Science subject. Students can check these tables to have a general idea of exam patterns and mark distribution of all subjects such as Physics, Chemistry and Biology.

CBSE Class 12th Physics Exam Pattern 2025: Chapter-Wise

The table presented below consists of the chapter-wise topics and the number of marks they carry. Students can check the table for marks distribution against the names of the topics of class 12th Physics subject.

Topics	Marks
Unit 1: Electrostatics Unit 2: Current Electricity	16
Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Currents	17
Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves Unit 6: Optics	18
Unit 7: Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter Unit 8: Atoms & Nuclei	12
Unit 9: Electronic Devices	7
Practicals
2 experiments 1 from each section	7+7
Practical record	5
1 activity from any section	3
Investigatory project	3
Viva	5

CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Exam Pattern 2025: Chapter-Wise

According to the exam pattern, the theory exam of Chemistry has a total weightage of 70 and the practicals have a weightage of 30 marks. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:

Topics	Marks
Solutions	7
Electrochemistry	9
Chemical Kinetics	7
d -and f- block elements	7
Coordination Compounds	7
Haloalkaline s & Haloarnes	6
Alcohol, Phenols & Ethers	6
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids	8
Amines	6
Biomolecules	7
Practicals
Volumetric Analysis	8
Salt Analysis	8
Content-Based Experiment	6
Project	4
Class record & viva	4

CBSE Class 12th Biology Exam Pattern 2025

As per the exam pattern, the theory exam of Biology has a total weightage of 70 and the remaining 30 marks are assigned to the practicals section. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:

Topics	Marks
Reproduction	16
Genetics & Evolution	20
Biology & Human Welfare	12
Biotechnology & its Applications	12
Ecology & Environment	10
Practical
1 major experiment	5
1 minor experiment	4
Slide preparation	5
Spotting	7
Practical record + viva voce	4
Project record + viva voce	5

CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025

In the Accountancy subject, Part A has a weightage of 60 marks, while Part B has a weightage of 20 marks. The Theory portion has a total weightage of 80 marks. Part C includes the practical portion, which has a total weightage of 20 marks. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:

Topic	Marks
Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms & Companies
Unit 1: Accounting for Partnership Firms Unit 2: Accounting for Companies	36 24
Part B: Financial Statement Analysis
Unit 3: Analysis of Financial Statements Unit 4: Cash Flow Statement	12 08
OR
Part B: Computerised Accounting	20
Part C: Project work which includes: Project file Written test (1 hour) Viva voce	04 12 04

CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern 2025

There are two sections in the theory section, each with 40 marks. The final twenty marks are assigned to the project work. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:

Topic	Marks
Part A: Principles & Function of Management
Nature & Significance of Management Principles of Management Business Environment	16
Planning Organising Staffing	14
Directing Controlling	20
Part B: Business Finance & Marketing
Financial Management Financial Markets	15
Marketing Management Consumer Protection	15
Project	20

CBSE Class 12th Economics Exam Pattern 2025

There are two equal components to the 80 marks that make up the theoretical portion. The practical portion is of twenty marks. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution of the Economics subject, students can check the following table:

Topic	Marks
Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics
National Income & Related Aggregrate Money & Banking Determination of Income & Employment Government Budget & Economy Balance of Payments	10 06 12 06 06
Part B: Indian Economic Development
Development Experience (1947-90) & Economic Reforms since 1991 Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy Development Experience of India- A Comparison with Neighbors	28 50 12
Project	20

CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern 2025

The sections included in the class 12th English Board exam are reading comprehension, creative writing, literature etc. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution of the English subject, students can check the following table:

Topics	Marks
Reading Skills	20
Creative Writing Skills	20
Literature Textbooks & Supplementary Reading Texts	40
Assessment of Listening & Speaking Skills	10
Internal assessment: Listening Speaking Project work	5 5 10