The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has revised its exam pattern. The class 12th Board exams are scheduled to be conducted from February to April 2025. The weightage of questions, such as multiple-choice questions (MCQ), has increased from 40% to 50% by the new exam pattern. However, the weightage of long and short-answer questions has been dropped to 30%. Moreover, questions in the MCQ format have a weightage of 20%.
CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Highlights
As per the new exam pattern, the students who will be appearing for their class 12th Board exams can have a total of 5 or 6 subjects. The exams will have objective, very short, short and long-type questions. The highlights of the CBSE class 12th Board exams are provided in the table below:
Particulars | Details |
Conducting Body | Central Board of Secondary Education |
Question Paper Pattern | Competency-based questions in the form of MCQs, case-based questions, source-based questions, or any other types - 40-50% Select response type or MCQs – 20% Short answer/long answer type questions- 30-40% |
Duration | 3 Hours |
Medium | English / Hindi |
Mode | Offline |
Number of subjects | 5 or 6 (as elected by the student) |
Maximum Marks | 100 (theory + practical) 80 marks theory + 20 marks Project works for Commerce subjects (Accountancy, Business Studies & Economics) 70 marks theory + 30 marks practical for Physics, Chemistry & Biology 80 marks Maths written exam + 20 marks internal assessment |
Passing marks for each subject | 33% |
Passing marks for the overall exam | Aggregate 33% |
CBSE Class 12th Subject-Wise Marking Scheme And Exam Pattern 2025
The table provided below contains the marking scheme and the exam pattern of all the subjects that the students opt for in their class 12th Board exams.
Subject | Marks in Theory | Marks in Practical |
Physics | 70 | 30 |
Chemistry | 70 | 30 |
Biology | 70 | 30 |
Computer Science | 70 | 30 |
Mathematics | 80 | 20 |
English | 80 | 20 |
Sociology | 80 | 20 |
Political Science | 80 | 20 |
History | 80 | 20 |
Geography | 80 | 20 |
Economics | 80 | 20 |
Business Studies | 80 | 20 |
Accountancy | 80 | 20 |
CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Marks Distribution
As per the new exam pattern, the different types of questions that will be present in the question paper are Paragraph Based Questions, Case Studies, Image Based Questions, Image Based Questions, Assertion-Reason, Statement Based Questions, MCQ-based Questions, Short and Long-Answer Questions. The table presented below contains the types of questions, difficulty level and the marks distribution of the 80-mark theory paper.
Question Type | Assigned Marks | Difficulty Level |
Paragraph Based Question
Case Study
Image Based Question
Assertion-Reason
Statement Based Question
| 40 Marks 2 MCQ Questions Mandatory | Easy to Moderate |
MCQ-Based Direct Questions | 16 Marks | Easy |
Short and LongAnswer Questions | 24 Marks Questions | Easy to Moderate |
CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Subject-Wise
The tables provided below consist of the subject-wise exam pattern. Students can check these tables to have a general idea of exam patterns and marks distribution of each subject.
CBSE Class 12th Maths Exam Pattern 2025
The theory portion of the CBSE Class 12 Math exam has a weightage of a total of 80 points, and the internal assessment is of 30 marks. The table presented below tells about the exam pattern of Maths subject.
Topic | Marks |
Relations & Functions | 08 |
Calculus | 35 |
Algebra | 10 |
Vectors & 3-Dimensional Geometry | 14 |
Linear Programming | 05 |
Probability | 08 |
CBSE Class 12th Science Exam Pattern 2025
The table presented below tells about the exam pattern of the Science subject. Students can check these tables to have a general idea of exam patterns and mark distribution of all subjects such as Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
CBSE Class 12th Physics Exam Pattern 2025: Chapter-Wise
The table presented below consists of the chapter-wise topics and the number of marks they carry. Students can check the table for marks distribution against the names of the topics of class 12th Physics subject.
Topics | Marks |
Unit 1: Electrostatics | 16 |
Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism | 17 |
Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves | 18 |
Unit 7: Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter | 12 |
Unit 9: Electronic Devices | 7 |
Practicals | |
2 experiments 1 from each section | 7+7 |
Practical record | 5 |
1 activity from any section | 3 |
Investigatory project | 3 |
Viva | 5 |
CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Exam Pattern 2025: Chapter-Wise
According to the exam pattern, the theory exam of Chemistry has a total weightage of 70 and the practicals have a weightage of 30 marks. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:
Topics | Marks |
Solutions | 7 |
Electrochemistry | 9 |
Chemical Kinetics | 7 |
d -and f- block elements | 7 |
Coordination Compounds | 7 |
Haloalkaline s & Haloarnes | 6 |
Alcohol, Phenols & Ethers | 6 |
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids | 8 |
Amines | 6 |
Biomolecules | 7 |
Practicals | |
Volumetric Analysis | 8 |
Salt Analysis | 8 |
Content-Based Experiment | 6 |
Project | 4 |
Class record & viva | 4 |
CBSE Class 12th Biology Exam Pattern 2025
As per the exam pattern, the theory exam of Biology has a total weightage of 70 and the remaining 30 marks are assigned to the practicals section. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:
Topics | Marks |
Reproduction | 16 |
Genetics & Evolution | 20 |
Biology & Human Welfare | 12 |
Biotechnology & its Applications | 12 |
Ecology & Environment | 10 |
Practical | |
1 major experiment | 5 |
1 minor experiment | 4 |
Slide preparation | 5 |
Spotting | 7 |
Practical record + viva voce | 4 |
Project record + viva voce | 5 |
CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025
In the Accountancy subject, Part A has a weightage of 60 marks, while Part B has a weightage of 20 marks. The Theory portion has a total weightage of 80 marks. Part C includes the practical portion, which has a total weightage of 20 marks. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:
Topic | Marks |
Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms & Companies | |
Unit 1: Accounting for Partnership Firms | 36 |
Part B: Financial Statement Analysis | |
Unit 3: Analysis of Financial Statements | 12 |
OR | |
Part B: Computerised Accounting | 20 |
Part C: Project work which includes: |
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CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern 2025
There are two sections in the theory section, each with 40 marks. The final twenty marks are assigned to the project work. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution, students can check the following table:
Topic | Marks |
Part A: Principles & Function of Management | |
Nature & Significance of Management
Principles of Management
Business Environment
| 16 |
Planning
Organising
Staffing
| 14 |
Directing
Controlling
| 20 |
Part B: Business Finance & Marketing | |
Financial Management
Financial Markets
| 15 |
Marketing Management
Consumer Protection
| 15 |
Project | 20 |
CBSE Class 12th Economics Exam Pattern 2025
There are two equal components to the 80 marks that make up the theoretical portion. The practical portion is of twenty marks. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution of the Economics subject, students can check the following table:
Topic | Marks |
Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics | |
National Income & Related Aggregrate
Money & Banking
Determination of Income & Employment
Government Budget & Economy
Balance of Payments
| 10 |
Part B: Indian Economic Development | |
Development Experience (1947-90) & Economic Reforms since 1991
Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy
Development Experience of India- A Comparison with Neighbors
| 28 |
Project | 20 |
CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern 2025
The sections included in the class 12th English Board exam are reading comprehension, creative writing, literature etc. To check the topic-wise detailed marks distribution of the English subject, students can check the following table:
Topics | Marks |
Reading Skills | 20 |
Creative Writing Skills | 20 |
Literature Textbooks & Supplementary Reading Texts | 40 |
Assessment of Listening & Speaking Skills | 10 |
Internal assessment: Listening Speaking Project work |
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